Voiceless uvular trill

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Voiceless uvular trill
ʀ̥
IPA Number123 402A
Audio sample
Encoding
X-SAMPAR\_0

The voiceless uvular trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some dialects of some spoken languages. It is less common than its voiced counterpart.

Features[edit]

Features of the voiceless uvular trill:

  • Its manner of articulation is trill, which means it is produced by directing air over an articulator so that it vibrates.
  • Its place of articulation is uvular, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum) at the uvula.
  • Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
  • It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and diaphragm, as in most sounds.

Occurrence[edit]

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Baïnounk Gubëeher Some speakers[1] [example needed] Word-final allophone of /ɾ/.
French Belgian[2] triste [t̪ʀ̥is̪t̪œ] 'sad' Allophone of /ʁ/ after voiceless consonants; can be a fricative [χ] instead.[2] See French phonology
German Standard[3] treten [ˈtʀ̥eːtn̩] 'to step' Possible allophone of /r/ after voiceless consonants for speakers that realize /r/ as a uvular trill [ʀ].[3] See Standard German phonology
Chemnitz dialect[4] Rock [ʀ̥ɔkʰ] 'skirt' In free variation with [ʁ̞], [ʁ], [χ] and [q]. Does not occur in the coda.[4]
Limburgish Hasselt dialect[5] geer [ɣeːʀ̥] 'odour' Possible word-final allophone of /ʀ/; may be alveolar [r̥] instead.[6] See Hasselt dialect phonology
Spanish Ponce dialect[7][full citation needed] perro [ˈpe̞ʀ̥o̞] 'dog' This and [χ] are the primary realizations of /r/ in this dialect.[7] See Spanish phonology

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Cobbinah (2013), p. 166.
  2. ^ a b Demolin (2001), pp. 65, 67–68, 70–71.
  3. ^ a b Krech et al. (2009), p. 86.
  4. ^ a b Khan & Weise (2013), p. 235.
  5. ^ Peters (2006).
  6. ^ While Peters (2006) does not state that explicitly, he uses the symbol ⟨r̥⟩ for many instances of the word-final /r/.
  7. ^ a b "The Spanish of Ponce, Puerto Rico: A phonetic, phonological, and intonational analysis".

References[edit]

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