Draft:Lewis Josselyn

Lewis Josselyn
Lewis Josselyn's 1923 passport photo
Born	(1883-09-13)September 13, 1883 National City, California, US
Died	March 14, 1964(1964-03-14) (aged 80) Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, US
Resting place	Golden Gate National Cemetery in San Bruno, California
Education	Boston Art School
Notable work	Forest Theater photographs
Style	Monochrome photography
Spouse	Augustine Eugenie Richard ​ ​ (m. 1920; died 1988)​
Military career
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1917-1919
Rank	Private first class
Unit	Base Hospital No. 34, Nante
Signature

Lewis Josselyn, (September 13, 1883 – March 14, 1964) was an American painter, portrait and landscape photographer, well-known for being one of the pioneering commercial photographers in Carmel-by-the-Sea. He gained recognition as a photographer for capturing California landscapes, documenting the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I, contributing to the restoration efforts of the California Missions, and taking the portraits of prominent people like the artist Jo Mora and the poet Robinson Jeffers.

Josselyn’s black-and-white images stand as a historical record of California's past, documenting significant landmarks including Yosemite, the Redwoods, daily life in Carmel, Monterey Bay, Point Lobos, the Salinas Rodeo, and the development of California Highway 1 along the Big Sur coastline. From 1915 to 1935, he served as the official photographer for the Forest Theater, an amphitheater in Carmel-by-the-Sea. Many of his images include the Forest Theater, the Theatre of the Golden Bough, the Bixby Creek Bridge, the Carmel Mission, and the Hotel Del Monte.

Daisy Bostick's publication, Carmel at Work and Play, highlights notable photographers from the Monterey Peninsula. According to Bostick "Beautiful photography of the kind which requires both the skill of the craftsman, and the soul of the artist is well represented in Carmel by the work of Lewis Josselyn." Bostick features numerous images by Josselyn, including captures of the Pine Inn, Carmel Highlands, the Forest Theater stage, developer Frank Devendorf, Carmel mayor Perry Newberry, and the Carmel Investment Company.

Josselyn's photographs are held in the permanent online collections of several museums and institutions, including the Monterey Museum of Art, International Center of Photography, Columbia University, the Art, Design & Architecture Museum, and the San Francisco Maritime Museum. Furthermore, a significant collection of his works can be accessed online via various libraries, including the Bancroft Library, California State Library, California Digital Library, Harrison Memorial Library, Monterey County Free Libraries, and the Mayo Hayes O'Donnell library.

His work has been the subject in numerous articles across publications such as the Sunset Magazine, Carmel Pine Cone, The Saturday Evening Post, and in material used for documenting the historic architecture for the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS).

Josselyn assembled a substantial collection, comprising over 3,800 of his photographs and negatives. Previously housed in the Pat Hathaway Collection, these materials are now preserved and cataloged at the Monterey County Historical Society in Salinas, California.

Early life and education

Boston Museum of Fine Arts on Copley Square (1900) by Josselyn

Josselyn was born on September 13, 1883, in National City, California, in southwestern San Diego County, California. His parents Charles Lewis Josselyn (1850-1917) and Alice R. Lamb, were from Plymouth, Massachusetts. His father was the great-grandson of Charles Josselyn, a private in Captain Thomas Turner's Company of the Massachusetts Militia and fought in the battle of Bunker Hill during the Siege of Boston in the first stage of the American Revolutionary War. Charles Josselyn was a pioneer in the citrus fruit industry, while Alice was actively engaged in community affairs, contributing to the Forest Theater.

The Josselyn family moved from Massachusetts to National City in 1883. His father, Charles, worked as a real estate agent. The family moved to San Diego, where Josselyn received his early education while living with his parents and two brothers. After graduating from high school in San Diego, Josselyn studied art and photography at the Boston School of Fine Arts at Copley Square in in Boston, Massachusetts. The school was overseen by Eric Pape, with fellow painters Maynard Dixon and Howard Pyle among his classmates.

Photographic career

Early years 1901-1919

Trains at Black Butte Summit (1901) by Josselyn

While residing in San Diego, Josselyn took pictures from various locations. His earliest images were taken on July 7, 1901, depicting a head-on collision between two passenger trains at Black Butte Summit. The incident occurred due to a potential switch failure or miscommunication. In 1905, he photographed The Poet's Walk of Chapultepec Park in Mexico City.

By 1914, Josselyn relocated with his brothers to the art colony Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. Shortly after he arrived, Josselyn became one of Carmel's first commercial photographers.

After the death of his father on January 12, 1917, his mother, Alice R. Josselyn, relocated to Carmel, where her three sons were already living. Josselyn and his two brothers, Talbert "Tal" and Winsor Josselyn, inherited $120,000 (equivalent to $2,853,818 in 2023). The estate consisted of United States 3% saving bonds. In December 1919, Josselyn's mother purchased blocks 81 and 82, near the Forest Theater from the Carmel Development Company.

Josselyn published early photo postcards and calendars advertising the Monterey Bay area, which included views of the Bixby Creek Bridge on the Big Sur coast, crews building California Highway 1, people and places like, Josephine Guilbert in 1916 at the cottage she built herself in Carmel. During the Christmas season, Josselyn sold art calendars and mounted pictures of local scenes, that were sold at the Pine Cone office and at the Blue Bird Tea Room.

In this 1919 photo, Josselyn documents the ongoing restoration of the Carmel Mission and a Pierce-Arrow motor car

World War I and the American Expeditionary Forces 1917-1919

Josselyn (far right) at X-Ray Department ca. 1917

While living in Carmel, Josselyn joined in the United States Army during World War I from 1917 to 1919 and served overseas as Private first class. He was on duty with the Base Hospital No. 34, in Nante, France. During his time in the army, Josselyn photographed the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I.

Josselyn married Augustine Jeanne Richard (1896-1988), of Nantes, France. On February 24, 1920, a ceremony and reception took place at Calvin H. Luther's residence in Stamford, Connecticut. Subsequently, they departed for Carmel-by-the-Sea, traveling via the Grand Canyon and Pasadena.

In 1919, Josselyn became honorary life member of the American Legion Post #41 of Monterey. In September 1923, Josselyn got his United States passport to travel, with his wife, back to Europe to photograph the process of the World War I reconstruction.

Post-War Era: 1920-1929

Between August 9 and September 4, 1920, Josselyn and fellow photographer Louis Slevin exhibited their photographs at the Fourteenth Annual Exhibition hosted by the Arts and Crafts Club in Carmel-by-the-Sea. Josselyn submitted a collection of historical war photos and images depicting Carmel scenes to the exhibition. He was one of the Monterey artists that the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club showcased in its promotion for national presence.

Josselyn documented a variety of California Missions and scenes, such as Mission San Francisco Solano (1920), Mission San Antonio de Padua (1928), the Carmel Mission Fiesta (1920s), San Carlos Mission, the Carmel Mission (1925), and the chamber where Junipero Serra is buried. Additionally, he captured another Carmel Mission scene looking south toward Point Lobos.

In 1925, Josselyn showcased his work beyond the Monterey Peninsula and participated in the Photographers' International Convention of Pacific Coast Association in San Francisco.

In 1926, Josselyn purchased 4 acres (1.6 ha) (lots 17-25, block 81) from his mother, Alice, at the intersection of Santa Rita Street and 7th Avenue in Carmel, near the Forest Theater. Josselyn built a home for himself and his wife, that also housed his photographic studio where he conducted his work. He cultivated fruit trees in cavities created by dynamite blasts on the four acres of land. His brother Talbert, had a house across the way on Santa Rita Street.

Before the Great Depression, Josselyn photographed portraits of early Carmel residents, like the wife of Charles Chapel Judson, who was the founder of the art department at the University of California, Berkeley.

Forest Theater 1915-1954

Set designers for the play Mr. Bunt at the Forest Theater, left-to-right Talbert Josselyn, Winsor Josselyn, Brice Monahan, Philip Wilson, Rem Remsen. (1924 photo by Josselyn)

Josselyn joined the Forest Theater, an amphitheater in Carmel, assuming the role of its official photographer. Additionally, he took on responsibilities as a stage manager and handled stage lighting for the theater's productions. His first theater photographs were published in 1915 for William Shakespeares’ play A Midsummer Night's Dream.

During 1915, Josselyn served as assistant stage manager for the Helen Parkes' play The Columbine. The subsequent year, in 1916, he took on the role of stage manager for the production of Robert Louis Stevensons’ Weir of Hermiston. Also in 1916, alongside Herbert Heron and John Northern Hilliard, Josselyn took on the role of director of the Western Drama Society.

Josselyn photographed various live theatrical productions, including Treasure Island (1916), Inchling (1922), Caesar and Cleopatra (1922) and Hamlet (1926). A collective body of his theater images can be found at the California State Library, Calisphere, and the Harrison Memorial Library. Additionally, Josselyn used his own wood blocks to create posters for productions at the Forest Theatre.

Josselyn developed a new theory about stage lighting, which was "to paint with light," offering a solution to the challenges faced during outdoor productions. In 1922, Josselyn, alongside Jack Williamson, took on the role of electric light artists for Ira Mallory Remsens’ play Inchling, which involved the participation of his brothers, Talbert and Winsor Josselyn, in the production. In 1924, he handled the stage lighting for the Remsens’ play Mr. Bunt.

Photographs from Forest Theater Productions

• The First Poet (1915)
• A Midsummer Night's Dream (1916)
• Ebb Tide Tusitala (1916)
• The Black Arrow: Tusitala (1916)
• Treasure Island (1916)
• The Treasure of Franchard: Tusitala (1916)
• Tusitala: The Prologue (1916)
• A Lodging for the Night (1916)
• Saint Ives (1916)
• The Piper (1916)
• Weir of Hermiston (1916)
• Yolanda of Cyprus (1916)
• A Thousand Years Ago (1917)
• Tents of the Arabs (1920)
• Snow White (1920)
• The Golden Doom (1920)
• Yellow Jacket (1920)
• Countess Cathleen (1921)
• Pomander Walk (1921)
• A Night at an Inn (1922)
• Cathleen ni Houlihan (1922)
• Inchling (1922)
• The Dark Lady (1922)
• Caesar and Cleopatra (1922)
• King Henry IV (1922)
• Workhorse (1922)
• High Justice (1923)
• Twelfth Night (1923)
• Kismet (1923)
• The Cradle (1923)
• Mr. Bunt (1924)
• Quality Street (1924)
• Shore Acres (1924)
• The Man Who Married a Dumb (1924)
• Iphigenia in Taurus (1925)
• Hamlet (1926)
• Arms and the Man (1926)
• Romeo and Juliet (1927)
• If I Were King (1927)
• In the Shadow of the Glen (1927)
• Pinocchio (1929)
• The Romancers (1929)
• Julius Caesar (1930)
• Salome (1932)
• As You Like It (1954)
• The Intruder (unknown date)

Theatre of the Golden Bough

Theatre of the Golden Bough auditorium (1924 photo by Josselyn)

During the 1920s, Josselyn documented the activities of theatrical producer Edward G. Kuster's Theatre of the Golden Bough. Josselyn's photogrpahs depicted various aspects, such as the auditorium with a stage spanning 38 ft (12 m), the Court of the Golden Bough, and portraits of the summer school's teaching staff (1924), which included Maurice Browne and Ellen Van Volkenburg. Browne and Van Volkenburg, founders of the Little Theatre Movement, served as directors of the school during this period.

Additionally, he photographed several storefronts lining the Court of the Golden Bough and Theatre, established by Kuster. Among these were the Carmel Weavers Studio (1922), Sade's (1924), and the Seven Arts Shop (1937).

Josselyn documented the Theatre of the Golden Bough's destruction by fire on May 19, 1935.

Jo Mora collection 1921-1943

Jo Mora working on California Carte, (1927) by Josselyn

The Jo Mora collection comprises photographs captured by Josselyn to chronicle the artistic accomplishments of Jo Mora (1876-1947), a sculptor, artist, and writer, during his time in the Monterey Peninsula. It captures his works from individual pieces in development to fully realized projects, like the cenotaph of Junípero Serra at Carmel Mission. Josselyn began working with Mora In 1921, who was a family friend of Josselyn.

The Jo Mora collection is a significant collection of wide-angle photographs and negatives, taken by Josselyn, capturing Mora within his studio in Pebble Beach, showcasing many of his creations, spanning from the mid-1920s to the mid-1940s. The artworks created by Mora in his Pebble Beach studio, featured in Josselyn's photographs, were showcased in the Monterey History and Art Association exhibit.

In the book The Life and Times of Jo Mora: Iconic Artist of the American West there are many photographs by Josselyn, like Mora's 23-inch models of the California Diamond Jubilee half dollar (1925) to celebrate the 75th anniversary of California statehood; an unfinished section of the Portolá expedition (1939) a 100 ft (30 m) long diorama; a clay statue of Spanish dancer, La Gitanita, (The Little Gypsy) with its live figure model (1926); an initial plaster rendition of The Cowboy (1927); among others photographs. Many of these photographs are in the Barbara Josselyn Asa Collection.

Jo Mora with Father Raymond Mestres and the cenotaph of Junípero Serra (1921) by Josselyn

On July 22, 1922, Josselyn was in charge of photographing the dedication of Mora's Statue of Junípero Serra, which was the opening day of the Carmel Woods subdivision, as well as Serra Day, an officially proclaimed holiday by the Town Trustees of Carme;. In 1927, Josselyn photographed Jo Mora at work on the California Carte map in the front room of his Pebble beach workshop. Josselyn photographed Mora's 1928 portrayal in the theatrical production of The Bad Man at the Carmel Playhouse.

In 1938, Josselyn assisted Mora in the making of his large diorama of the discovery of San Francisco Bay by Gaspar de Portolá, at the 1939-40 Golden Gate International Exposition on Treasure Island. At a length of 100 ft (30 m), with 64 sculptures of Spaniards and Indians, and over 200 animals.

In 1943, Josselyn photographed Jo Mora in his studio creating three large murals for Earl F. Graff's Carmel Dairy. He showed animal figures dressed as humans, many recognizable as local Carmel residents.

In the book Jo Mora Artist And Writer, by Mary Murray, there are several photographs by Josselyn, including Mora with his sculptor The Poppy Nymph (1916); Mora with The Doughboy in his studio (1920); Mora inspecting the installation of the El Paseo statue in the courtyard of the El Paseo Building in Carmel (1928); Jo Mora Trophy, California Rodeo, Salinas (1934) and 'Jo Mora portrait (1945).

Monterey, Pebble Beach, Pacific Grove, Point Lobos (1916-1929)

Theodore Criley working at his easel looking toward Bird Island, Point Lobos, Carmel Highlands, California, (early 1920s photo by Josselyn)

In 2009, Michael Kenneth Hemp, wrote the book Cannery Row, which describes the history of Cannery Row with photographs by Josselyn. These photographs include scenes from the Point Lobos Canning Company (1916), abalone divers and shells (1916), a Monterey Bay storm (1919), the Hotel Del Monte fire (1924), and a street scene at Lighthouse Avenue in Pacific Grove (1932).

Josselyn documented the oil tanker Frank H. Buck of the Associated Oil Company, which ran aground at Point Pinos, Pacific Grove, on May 3, 1924. The San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park contains images of the Frank H. Buck.

On September 14, 1924, Josselyn photographed the fire that destroyed the the Associated Oil Company tanks that was started when an oil tank was struck by lightning. He also photographed the fire that consumed the historic Hotel Del Monte in Monterey, California on September 23, 1924. The hotel was rebuilt and Josselyn captured the reopening of the Hotel Del Monte on May 8, 1926. The hotel later became the Naval Postgraduate School.

Josselyn captured photographs of the Monterey Fisherman's Wharf, featuring a coastal steamer near the Matteo Napoli Wholesale & Retail Fish Co. in 1920. Additionally, he documented images of the F. E. Booth Cannery at the Fisherman's Wharf in 1929.

Lone Cypress Midway Point, Pebble Beach (1916) by Josselyn

As early as 1916, Josselyn took pictures of the Lone Cypress at Midway Point along the 17-Mile Drive in Pebble Beach, the Monterey Cypress, as well as the trees of Carmel Valley.

Josselyn captured images of Point Lobos, a state park in Monterey County. During the 1920s, he took a picture titled The View of Point Lobos, which was later featured in the Carmel Pine Cone on November 28, 1973.

In 1928, Josselyn photographed the Monterey Pioneer Bakery once located on Alvarado Street and moved to the intersection of Pearl and Munras Streets in Monterey. This bakery was established by Frenchman Honoré Escolle (1834-1895), a Monterey businessman, in partnership with Dionisio Ruis. In 1929, Josselyn photographed Harrison Johnston at the 9th green during the 1929 U.S. Men's Amateur Championship with large galleries at Pebble Beach.

Robinson Jeffers Collection (1925-1929)

Poet Robinson Jeffers stands in the doorway of Hawk Tower (1925) by Josselyn

In 1981, Tom Leyde, editor of the The Californian, wrote about the Josselyn's photographs and negatives. These photos include Carmel poet Robinson Jeffers in front of his Hawk Tower (1925), the restoration of the Carmel Mission (1919), and the Mission's wooden ceiling arches after restoration (1936). Josselyn’s photographs of Jeffers at Tor House are part of the Robinson Jeffers Collection available at the Occidental College library.

Josselyn captured multiple images of Jeffers posing in front of Hawk Tower, including a 1925 cover photo of Jeffers in the doorway of Hawk Tower, dressed in black with his left hand resting on a stone. This 1925 portrait has been featured in various publications and is is on display in the Tor House Foundation docent office.

A 1929 passport photo of the four Jeffers can be found at the Harrison Library Park Branch and is reproduced in the booklet Robinson Jeffers, Poet, 1887-1987 A Centennial Exhibition. In another photograph, Jeffers is standing on the grass in front of Hawk Tower.

Josselyn provided a photograph of Jeffers for inclusion in the book Robinson Jeffers and the Sea (1936) by Melba Berry Bennett.

Portraits captured by Josselyn

• William Frederic Ritschel at his studio (1925)
• Ferdinand Burgdorff (1920s)
• Frank Devendorf (1920s)
• Thomas Bickle (1928)
• Theodore Criley

Big Sur Pictorial Collection (1920s-1938)

The Post Ranch House, (1920s) by Josselyn

From 1920s to 1938, Josselyn photographed the coastal town of Big Sur, including the Joseph W. Post House, the Big Creek Bridge (1932), the Big Sur maintenance yard, the Pheiffer's Ranch Resort, and the construction of the Bixby Creek Bridge (1932). In 1927, prior to the construction of the Bixby Bridge and the completion of the highway, Josselyn captured images of travelers traversing the Old Coast Road to and from Big Sur. Josselyn photographed the Steel Bridge over Garrapata Creek, north of Big Sur.

He also documented the Machado-Tevis House, a building erected by two Portuguese whalers associated with the Point Lobos shore in in. Additionally, Josselyn captured images of William Brainard Post's homestead and the Partington Homestead (1920) near Big Sur.

Other photographs taken by Josselyn of the Big Sur region includes Palo Colorado Canyon, California, Torres Canyon, the United States Forest Service ranger headquarters at Big Sur, Pico Blanco viewed from the coastline, the Little Sur River, and Slates Hot Springs.

Around 1925, Josselyn took photographs of a redwood cabin constructed by local carpenter Sam Trotter on a cliff's edge in Big Sur for the Coastland Trails Club. Subsequently, in 1947, Bill and Lolly Fassett purchased the cabin and transformed it into the Nepenthe restaurant.

Josselyn captured photographs of the Bixby Creek Bridge on November 23, 1932, during its dedication and opening to the public. He published early photo postcards advertising the Monterey Bay Area, which included views of the Bixby Creek Bridge on the Big Sur coast and building of California Highway 1. He recorded a 200 ft (61 m) tunnel that leads to Partington Cove and the aerial tramway that hauled limestone above Bixby Canyon.

In 1935, Josselyn photographed the Point Sur Lighthouse at Point Sur State Historic Park 24.6 miles (39.6 km) south of Monterey, California.

Paul Flanders Mansion

Paul Flanders Outlands, Carmel-by-the-Sea, California (1925) by Josselyn

In 1926, Josselyn took on the task of photographing the architecture of the Outlands in the Eighty Acres "Outlands," in Carmel-by-the-Sea, as part of the Paul Flanders Mansion Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS). These photographs were included in the Monterey County's National Register of Historic Places listings and are featured in the National Park Service's digital assets gallery.

The city of Carmel enlisted historian Kent Seavey to carry out the HABS to document the Flanders Mansion located at 25800 Hatton Road. The survey incorporated photographs by Josselyn, captured shortly after the mansion's construction. These images are important as they predate any alterations made to the site

Additional buildings photographed

• Robert Louis Stevenson House (1920)
• Allen House, the first wood house in California (1920s)
• La Playa Hotel (1924)
• Carmel Summer School Of Art Photographs (1924)
• Mortimer Fleishhacker House game room fu/rniture (1925)
• Highlands, Inn (1925)

Abalone League (1921-1926)

Abalone League with aviator Virginia Stanton and Wilna Hervey (1923) by Josselyn

The Abalone League had its beginning on Carmel Point, adjacent to Carmel-by-the-Sea, following World War I. Josselyn engaged in both photography and active participation in the games. The games took place on a rough diamond, overlooking the rugged rocks, in a field next to the house of Charles King Van Riper, one of Carmel's story writers. Josselyn and his wife joined the ranks of fellow writers and artists.

Later years 1926-1955

In April 1926, Josselyn conducted a photographic survey of the Mojave Desert and Death Valley in the Southwestern United States. He went again in May with playwright John Northern Hilliard and others to live among the Hopi and the Navajo peoples. In July 1927, he contributed his photographs to a fundraising sale aimed at supporting the financially challenged Carmel Arts and Crafts Club.

The Carmel Art Association’s gallery in the upper floor of the Seven Arts Building (1927) by Josselyn

In 1927, Josselyn photographed the Carmel Art Association’s first formal gallery that was on the second floor of the Seven Arts Building on Ocean Avenue, where photographer Edward Weston had his studio.

In 1927, his camera also captured the painting Italian Hillside by George Joseph Seidenbeck, exhibited at the Carmel Art Association's formal opening on October 15, 1927, held at the organization's headquarters in Carmel. Other painters that exhibited were Theodore Criley, William Watts, and John O'Shea.

In 1933-34, he took photographs of numerous paintings exhibited by John O'Shea at the California Palace of the Legion of Honor in San Francisco.

At the October 1931 Monterey County Fair, Josselyn exhibited two paintings—one in oil and another in watercolor, that were described as "both pleasing," by Eleanor Minturn James.

Josselyn's images of contemporary Carmel paintings were frequently replicated in local and national publications. He worked with western writer Frederick R. Bechdolt on several occassions, as a photojournalist, for stories published in The Saturday Evening Post. In 1936, Josselyn illustrated an article by Bechdolt about the modern gold rush to the hills northwest of Winnemucca, Nevada. In 1941, Josselyn's photographs were featured in Bechdolt's article titled Uncle Sam Goes Prospecting published in The Saturday Evening Post. Bechdolt and Josselyn journeyed through the mining county to capture the necessary pictures for the article.

From 1935 to 1955, Josselyn worked with botanist and horticulturalist Lester Rowntree to photograph California native plants, such as the Chrysolepis chrysophylla, for The National Horticultural Magazine.

Death and legacy

His camera has caught Carmel's beauty spots. His brush has painted them. Forest Theater's official photographer.

— Carmel Pine Cone

Josselyn died, from a stroke, on March 14, 1964, in his home at Santa Rita Street & 7th Avenue, Carmel-by-the-Sea, at the age of 80. The American Legion Post #41 officiated.

After Josselyn's death, his sister-in-law Florence Josselyn exhibited his photos from the 1920 and 1930s, at Casa Serrano in Monterey in 1965, and the Marjorie Evans Gallery at the Sunset Center in 1973. The name of the Sunset Center exhibit was the "The Carmel of Lewis Josselyn." Many pictures captured scenes from a time when the streets were yet to be paved, the laying the cornerstone dedication of the Carmel-by-the-Sea World War I Memorial Arch (1921), and images related to the Abalone League, the first softball league in the West.

In 1970, Josselyn's widow, Jeanne Josselyn, donated over 3,800 original glass plates and film negatives sized at 5” x 7” and 6½ x 8½, as well as original prints to Pat Hathaway, a photo archivist. The negatives span the period from 1914 to 1940. Since Hathaway's death in 2021, Josselyn's inventory of glass plates and film negatives are archived at the Monterey County Historical Society in Salinas, California. His wife died on Decmeber 2, 1988, at her Carmel home.

See also

• Timeline of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
• *List of American photographers
• Monochrome photography

Exhibitions

• 1920, Fourteenth Annual Art Exhibition of the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club
• 1925, Photographers' International Convention of Pacific Coast Association
• 1927, Carmel Art Association
• 1931, Monterey County Fair
• 1965, Casa Serrano exhibition
• 1973, Marjorie Evans Gallery at the Sunset Center

Public collections

Title	Year	Category	Dimensions	Collections
A Midsummer Night's Dream	1915	Pictorial	5" x 7"  in	California Digital Library
Treasure Island	1916	Pictorial	5" x 7"  in	California State Library
Montgomery Block, San Francisco	1920	Buildings	5" x 7"  in	San Francisco Maritime Museum
Caesar and Cleopatra	1922	Portrait	5" x 7"  in	Harrison Memorial Library
Hotel Del Monte	1924	Buildings	5" x 7"  in	Pat Hathaway Photo Collection
Carmel Summer School	1924	Pictorial	5" x 7"  in	University of Michigan Library
Jeffers at Tor House	1925	Portrait	5" x 7"  in	Robinson Jeffers Collection
Mora Designing A Coin In Clay	1925	Pictorial	5" x 7"  in	Barbara Josselyn Asa Collection
Robinson Jeffers In The Doorway of Hawk Tower	1925	Portrait	5" x 7"  in	Tor House Foundation Archives
Game room side chair	1925	Objects	5" x 7"  in	Columbia University
Prison camp during construction of Coast Highway	1928	Landscape	5" x 7"  in	Monterey County Free Libraries
Jarvis House	1920s	Buildings	5" x 7"  in	Art, Design & Architecture Museuma
Home of old lady Allen	1920s	Buildings	5" x 7"  in	MayoHayes O'Donnell Library
Monterey	1920s	Landscape	5" x 7"  in	Bancroft Library
Yankee Point Looking South, Pt. Sur in the Background	1931	Landscape	10" x 13"	International Center of Photography
Point Sur	1935	Objects	9.25" x 7.88" / 23.495 x 20.015 cm	Monterey Museum of Art, Gift of Jehanne B. Williamson
Palo Colorado Canyon	1897-1929	Landscape	5" x 7"  in	Save the Redwoods League Photograph Collection
Carmel, California, shoreline and town	undated	Landscape	6 7/8 x 4 7/8	University of Nevada, Reno, Libraries Archival Guides - Sparks Family Papers

Further reading

• History of San Diego
• Collecting Historical Views of the Central Coast

External links

• California Views Photo Archives
• Leon Wilson papers, approximately 1871-1980
• California Missions, Towns, and Buildings: Pictorial Material from the Aubrey Drury Papers
• First Art America

Category:1883 births Category:1964 deaths Category:Photographers from California Category:People from National City, California Category:People from Carmel-by-the-Sea, California Category:20th-century American photographers Category:20th-century American male artists Category:American military personnel of World War I Category:Burials at Golden Gate National Cemetery Category:Massachusetts College of Art and Design alumni Category:Landscape photographers Category:American portrait photographers