Sherwan
Sherwan | |
|---|---|
 Sherwan is located in Abbottabad District | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Province | Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa |
| District | Abbottabad |
| Tehsil | Abbottabad |
| Population | |
| • Total | 9,614 |
Sherwan is a Tehsil from the Abbottabad District in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan,[2] located 35 km west of Abbottabad. Sherwan consists of two adjacent villages. The northern part is referred to as Sherwan Kalan, and the southern as Sherwan Khurd. Sherwan is on a ridge 5,000 feet high in the centre of Lower Tanawal.[3]
Sherwan is located in a valley which is surrounded by large, forested mountains on three sides. These forests host various wild animals, such as jackals, wolves, pigs, porcupines, foxes, and occasionally leopards. Sherwan is divided into two parts: Sherwan Khurd (small) and Sherwan Kalan (wide). Sherwan Kalan covers a much larger area than Sherwan Khurd. A village called Patheel is on the northeast of Sherwan Union Council. To the west of Sherwan Union Council is another village called Bacha Kalan. A stream called Mangal lies south of the valley; it is home to several fish such as trout, eels, soles, and others.
Location and demographics[edit]
Sherwan is 5,000 ft high in the centre of Tanawal. The population of the main Sherwan village, or villages complex, is over 25,000.[citation needed] The local language is Hindko; the local people also understand and speak Urdu. The Tanawal was divided into two parts, Upper Tanawal and Lower Tanawal.[4] Sherwan is located in Lower Tanawal. The main tribe of Sherwan is the Tanoli;[5] other tribes include the Gujjars, the Awans, the Syeds, and the Mughals.
Subdivisions[edit]
Education and literacy[edit]
The literacy rate of Sherwan is high compared to other villages in the area. In 2019, the best teacher of Pakistan award winner, Ejaz Ahmed Tanoli, was from Sherwan (Patheel). His son Osama Muneem Khan (founder of Umeed e Sahar) is also from Sherwan and is known for helping orphans to receive a quality education.
The best teacher of the year 2022-2023 is Master Liaqat Ali from Sherwan Kalan. He is also related to some poor friend organizations and is a well-known personality of Tanawal area.
There are many government schools and colleges in Sherwan:
- Sherwan Government College for Boys
- Sherwan Government College for Girls
- Sherwan Government High School (Boys)
- Sherwan Government High School (Girls)
- Sherwan Government Primary School (Boys)
- Sherwan Government Primary School (Girls)
Sherwan also has a police station.
History[edit]
Under Turkish rule[edit]
Tanawal was a part of Pakhli, which was ruled by Turks for centuries.[6] Sherwan was the capital of Lower Tanawal under the Turks. The last Turkish Wali (governor) of the area was Qias-ud-din during the third quarter of 18th century.[citation needed]
Under the rule of the Sikhs[edit]
After doing away with Sardar Muhammad Khan Tarin, Bostan Khan Tarin, and others in lower Hazara, the Sikhs tormented and persecuted the population.[7] The Mashwanis of Srikot were forced to migrate from their homelands, and because of this, they were refugees in nearby localities for six to seven years. Many of them crossed the Indus and moved to Swabi. The Sikhs also forcefully conscripted several Mashwani youths in their army. After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Sikh empire fell prey to disorder and their rule weakened.[8]
In 1849, the Sikhs were finally defeated by the British and the area came under the British jurisdiction in the Hazara district.[9]
Under British rule[edit]
The British ruled the region mostly through the local chiefs.[10] Nawab Khan Tanaoli and his allies conquered Sherwan Fort, Sherwan and nearby villages and continued ruling Sherwan.[11]
Fort of Sherwan[edit]
Sherwan Fort was built by the Sikhs in 1822 A.D.[12][13] It was stormed and conquered by Nawab Khan Tanoli.[14] Later, Major James Abbott constructed the interior in a Victorian style. It was auctioned on May 24, 2007. The fort was mentioned by Sir General James Abbott, one of the builders of the British Empire, in his diaries.[citation needed]
Economy[edit]
Locals grow seasonal grain crops such as maize and wheat. The area of Sherwan has plenty of water and soil rich with nutrients, allowing producers to grow cherries, plums, apples, pears, and apricots. The mountains of Sherwan are full of minerals like soapstone.[15] The largest soapstone deposits of the country are located near Sherwan in Hazara.[16] A huge deposit of soapstone[17] is found in the mountains of a nearby village.[18] A large number of people are also engaged in soapstone mining. The most extensive steatite deposits in Pakistan are found in the Sherwan area of the Hazara District.[19][20][21] Iron ore, lead, and magnesite ore are also found in these mountains.[citation needed]
External links[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD DETAIL FROM BLOCK TO DISTRICT LEVEL: KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA (ABBOTTABAD DISTRICT)" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2018-04-17.
- ^ Administrative Units of District Abbottabad Archived 2007-04-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Sherwan is 5,000 ft high, Gazetteer of the Hazara district,1907 By Hubert Digby Watson Sarhad Urdu Academy, 1992, Pg145"[1]
- ^ "Tanawal occupies the centre of the District, Abbottabad, Gazetteer of the Hazara District 1883-4, Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2000 "
- ^ "Tanolis"Gazetteer of the Hazara District 1883-4, Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2000 - Hazāra District Pakistan - 213 page
- ^ Raja Qayasuddin, also ruled Tanawal
- ^ Dr SB Panni, 'Tarikh i Hazara' (Urdu: History of Hazara), pub 1969, pp 102-114
- ^ Panni, p 109
- ^ Hazara gazetteer 1883-84, pub Peshawar, 1884, p. 67
- ^ Hazara gazetteer p 67
- ^ "Nawab Khan Tanaoli continued from the Sikh rule, given annexation",Report of the land revenue settlement of the Hazara district of the Punjab,E G.Wace 1872 page clxxx[2]
- ^ Shewan Fort, General Hari Singh Nalwa: Builder of the Sikh Empire, Autar Singh Sandhu Uppal Publishing House, 1987 - Generals - 140 pages, Pg 124, [3]
- ^ History of the Pathans, Volume 1, P. 469
- ^ Sherwan Villages, Gazetteer of the Hazara district, 1907, Hubert Digby Watson Sarhad Urdu Academy, 1992 - Hazara (Pakistan: District) - 363 pages, Pg 360 [4]
- ^ "Soap Stone" Annual Report, Geological Survey Of Pakistan, 1969 Pg156"
- ^ "The largest soapstone deposits of the country are located near Sherwan in Hazara, Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Pakistan, Volume 12, The Survey, 1977, Pg119", [5]
- ^ "Soap Stone Deposits Of Sherwan In Hazara District", Science and Industry, Volumes 1-2 Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research., 1963 - Science,[6]
- ^ Resource base and economic progress of the Peshawar Valley, University of Peshawar. Dept. of Economics 1970 - History - 284 pages
- ^ "The most extensive steatite deposits in Pakistan are found in the Sherwan area of the Hazara District, NWFP, Inter-regional Interaction and Urbanism in the Ancient Indus Valley: A ... By Randall William Law (II.)Pg 325, [7]
- ^ Pakistan Journal of Scientific Research, Volume 23 Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science., 1971 - Research,[8]
- ^ Pakistan Journal of Science, Volume 43 Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science., 1991 - Science [9]