List of massacres in Poland

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The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in both historic and modern day areas of Poland (numbers may be approximate):

Massacres until 1939

Name Date Location Perpetrators Deaths Notes
Sack of Sandomierz (1241) 13 February 1241 Sandomierz Mongol Empire The Mongols massacred almost all residents.
Sack of Kraków (1241) March 1241 Kraków Mongol Empire The Mongols massacred almost all residents.
Sack of Sandomierz (1260) February 1260 Sandomierz Mongol Empire The Mongols massacred almost all residents.
Gdańsk massacre 13 November 1308 Gdańsk Teutonic Knights 60–1,000 Polish civilians
Gołańcz massacre 3 May 1656 Gołańcz  Swedish Empire 25+ Poles Remains of 22 adults (incl. six women) and three children were discovered during an archaeological survey in 2014.[1]
Kościan massacre of 1656 10 October 1656 Kościan  Swedish Empire 300 Polish inhabitants [2]
Massacre of Uman 20–21 June 1768 Humań Cossacks (Ukrainians) up to 20,000 Poles and Jews
Massacre of Praga 4 November 1794 Praga, Warsaw  Russian Empire 6,000 Polish people killed or wounded
Fiszewo massacre 27 January 1832 Fiszewo  Kingdom of Prussia 12 Poles [3]
Galician slaughter early 1846 Western Galicia peasants about 1,000 nobles
Warsaw massacres of 1861 25–27 February and 8 April 1861 Warsaw  Russian Empire Over 200 Polish protesters [4]
Białaszewo massacre 31 March 1863 Białaszewo  Russian Empire 16+ Polish civilians including women[5]
Bredynki massacre 6 May 1863 Bredynki  Kingdom of Prussia 17 Poles further 30 people wounded[6]
Lututów massacre 15 June 1863 Lututów  Russian Empire Dozens of Polish POWs [7]
Wygoda massacre 21 July 1863 Wygoda  Russian Empire 50 young Poles [8][9]
Białystok pogrom 14–16 June 1906 Białystok Black Hundreds
Russian soldiers 		81–88 Jews
Mysłowice massacre 15 August 1919 Mysłowice  Weimar Republic 10 Poles Seven miners, two women and a 13-year-old boy[10]
Wilno school massacre 6 May 1925 Wilno (now Vilnius) 2 students 5 (including themselves) First school shooting in Polish history

Massacres during World War II and communist rule

Name Date Location Perpetrators Deaths Notes
Intelligenzaktion September 1939-Spring 1942 Poland  Nazi Germany up to 100,000 Polish people, mostly intellectuals
Torzeniec massacre 1–2 September 1939 Torzeniec  Nazi Germany 37 Poles
Zimnowoda and Parzymiechy massacre 2 September 1939 Zimnowoda and Parzymiechy  Nazi Germany 113 Poles including 30 children[11]
Wyszanów massacre 2 September 1939 Wyszanów  Nazi Germany 24 Poles
Gostyń massacre 2 September 1939 Gostyń  Nazi Germany 13 Poles including four women and a parish priest[12]
Bukownica massacre 2 September 1939 Bukownica  Nazi Germany 7+ Poles [13]
Łaziska massacre 2–6 September 1939 Łaziska Górne, Łaziska Dolne and Łaziska Średnie  Nazi Germany 69 Poles including 30 children[14]
Albertów massacre 3 September 1939 Albertów  Nazi Germany 159 Poles [11]
Krzepice massacre 3 September 1939 Krzepice  Nazi Germany 30 Poles [15]
Mysłów massacre 3 September 1939 Mysłów  Nazi Germany 22 Poles Victims were burned alive, including 10 children.[11]
Pińczyce massacre 3 September 1939 Pińczyce  Nazi Germany 20 Poles [15]
Świekatowo massacre 3 September 1939 Świekatowo  Nazi Germany 26 Poles [16]
Święta Anna massacre 3 September 1939 Święta Anna  Nazi Germany 29 Poles [15]
Jankowice massacre 3 September 1939 Jankowice  Nazi Germany 13 Poles including women and children[12]
Zgoń massacre 3 September 1939 Zgoń  Nazi Germany 8 Poles including one woman[17]
Lędziny massacre 3 September 1939 Lędziny  Nazi Germany 7 Poles including a 16-year-old girl[18]
Bloody Sunday 3–4 September 1939 Bydgoszcz  Nazi Germany 254
Świętochłowice massacre 3–4 September 1939 Świętochłowice  Nazi Germany 10 Poles [19]
Częstochowa massacre
(Bloody Monday) 		4 September 1939 Częstochowa  Nazi Germany 88–200
Złoczew massacre 4 September 1939 Złoczew  Nazi Germany 200 Poles and Jews
Katowice massacre
(Bloody Monday) 		4 September 1939 Katowice  Nazi Germany about 80 Polish defenders including Polish boy and girl scouts
Kruszyna massacre 4 September 1939 Kruszyna  Nazi Germany dozens of Poles including 10 children[15]
Cielętniki massacre 4 September 1939 Cielętniki  Nazi Germany 28 Poles including four children[15]
Pasternik massacre 4 September 1939 Pasternik  Nazi Germany 29 Poles including one woman[20]
Pławno massacre 4 September 1939 Pławno  Nazi Germany 15 Poles [15]
Pszczyna massacre 4 September 1939 Pszczyna  Nazi Germany 14 Poles 13 boy scouts and a teacher[12]
Siewierz massacre 4 September 1939 Siewierz  Nazi Germany 10 Poles including several teenagers[21]
Wyry massacre 4–6 September 1939 Wyry  Nazi Germany over 10 Poles [12]
Serock massacre 5 September 1939 Serock  Nazi Germany over 80 Polish POWs [22]
Kajetanowice massacre 5 September 1939 Kajetanowice  Nazi Germany over 70 Poles including ten children under the age of 16[15]
Krasnosielc massacre 5–6 September 1939 Krasnosielc  Nazi Germany 50 Jews
Moryca and Longinówka massacre 6 September 1939 Moryca and Longinówka  Nazi Germany Polish POWs, including 19 officers [22]
Uniejów massacre 6, 8 September 1939 Uniejów  Nazi Germany 50 [23]
Będzin massacres 6, 9 September 1939 Będzin  Nazi Germany 20 Poles and 100 Jews [24]
Wylazłów massacre 7 September 1939 Wylazłów  Nazi Germany 24 Poles [23]
Mordarka massacre 7 September 1939 Mordarka  Nazi Germany 9 Jews and one Pole [25]
Wągrowiec massacre 7 September 1939 Wągrowiec  Nazi Germany 8 Poles [23]
Balin massacre 8 September 1939 Balin  Nazi Germany 21 Poles [23]
Koźle massacre 8 September 1939 Koźle  Nazi Germany 17 Poles [13]
Massacre in Ciepielów 8 September 1939 Ciepielów  Nazi Germany around 300 Polish POWs
Tyszki massacre 8 September 1939 Tyszki-Ciągaczki  Nazi Germany 33 Poles [26]
Chechło massacre 8 September 1939 Chechło near Pabianice  Nazi Germany 30 Poles [27]
Dominikowice massacre 8 September 1939 Dominikowice  Nazi Germany 23 Poles [13]
Czekaj massacre 8 September 1939 Czekaj  Nazi Germany 13 Poles [23]
Bagatele massacre 8 September 1939 Bagatele  Nazi Germany 11 Poles [28]
Siemianowice Śląskie massacre 8 September 1939 Siemianowice Śląskie  Nazi Germany 6 Poles [19]
Lipsko massacre 8–9 September 1939 Lipsko  Nazi Germany 66 [29]
Mszczonów massacres 8, 11 September 1939 Mszczonów  Nazi Germany 11 Polish POWs and 20 Polish civilians Including the town's mayor.[22][26]
Sławków massacre 9 September 1939 Sławków  Nazi Germany 98 Jews [29]
Wyszków massacre 9 September 1939 Wyszków  Nazi Germany 65+ Jews [29]
Orło massacre 9 September 1939 Orło  Nazi Germany 10 Poles [27]
Pniewo massacre 9 September 1939 Pniewo  Nazi Germany Over 10 Poles [26]
Mielno massacre 9 September 1939 Mielno  Nazi Germany 7 Poles [23]
Łęczyca massacre 9–10 September 1939 Łęczyca  Nazi Germany 29 Poles [26]
Mszadla massacre 10 September 1939 Mszadla  Nazi Germany 153 Poles [30]
Gniazdowo massacre 10 September 1939 Gniazdowo  Nazi Germany around 20 Poles [27]
Zdziechowa massacre 10 September 1939 Zdziechowa  Nazi Germany 24 Poles [31]
Rawa Mazowiecka massacre 10 September 1939 Rawa Mazowiecka  Nazi Germany 40 [26]
Bądków massacre 10 September 1939 Bądków  Nazi Germany 22 Poles including a 14-year-old boy[13]
Piaseczno massacre of 1939 10 September 1939 Piaseczno  Nazi Germany 21 Polish POWs [22]
Stare Rogowo massacre 10 September 1939 Stare Rogowo  Nazi Germany 21 Poles [32]
Laski Szlacheckie massacre 10 September 1939 Laski Szlacheckie  Nazi Germany 20 Poles including four families[26]
Karczew massacre 11 September 1939 Karczew  Nazi Germany 75 Poles [33]
Skierniewice massacre 11 September 1939 Skierniewice  Nazi Germany 60 [33]
Kowalewice massacre 11 September 1939 Kowalewice  Nazi Germany 23 Poles [34]
Obora massacre 11 September 1939 Obora  Nazi Germany 22 Poles [27]
Niewolno massacre 11 September 1939 Niewolno  Nazi Germany 18 Poles [35]
Jankowo Dolne massacre 11 September 1939 Jankowo Dolne  Nazi Germany 12 Poles including women and children[23]
Szczucin massacre 12 September 1939 Szczucin  Nazi Germany around 40 Polish POWs and around 30 Polish civilians [36]
Parma massacre 12 September 1939 Parma  Nazi Germany 32 Poles [26]
Koźmice Wielkie massacre 12 September 1939 Koźmice Wielkie  Nazi Germany 32 Jews [29]
Sadówka massacre 12 September 1939 Sadówka  Nazi Germany around 12 Poles [37]
Łowicz massacre 13 September 1939 Łowicz  Nazi Germany 21 [26]
Mień massacre 13 September 1939 Mień  Nazi Germany 9 Poles [38]
Zambrów massacre night of 13–14 September 1939 Zambrów  Nazi Germany more than 200 Polish POW
Olszewo massacre 14 September 1939 Olszewo  Nazi Germany 30 Polish POWs and 23 civilians [38]
Moskwin massacre 14 September 1939 Moskwin  Nazi Germany 9 Poles [39]
Sulejówek massacre 15 September 1939 Sulejówek and Długa Szlachecka  Nazi Germany over 90 Poles [26]
Massacre in Dynów 15-28 September 1939 Dynów  Nazi Germany Around 300 killed
Retki massacre 16 September 1939 Retki  Nazi Germany 22 Poles [26]
Henryków massacre 17 September 1939 Henryków  Nazi Germany 76 Poles including women and children[33]
Leszno massacre 17 September 1939 Leszno  Nazi Germany around 50 Poles [33]
Bąków massacre 17 September 1939 Bąków  Nazi Germany 18 Poles including two families[26]
Śladów massacre 18 September 1939 Śladów  Nazi Germany around 300 Poles, including POWs and refugees including women and children[33]
Mogilno massacre 18 September 1939 Mogilno Nazi Germany Mogilno Germans minority 40 Polish (1 Jewish descent)
Błonie massacre 18 September 1939 Błonie  Nazi Germany 50 Jews and Poles
Gąbin massacre 19–21 September 1939 Gąbin  Nazi Germany 20 Poles [33]
Zakroczym massacre 28 September 1939 Zakroczym  Nazi Germany about 600 Polish POWs
Majdan Wielki massacre 20 September 1939 Majdan Wielki  Nazi Germany 42 Polish POWs [36]
Boryszew massacre 22 September 1939 Boryszew  Nazi Germany 50 Polish POWs [40]
Psia Górka massacre 22 September 1939 Psia Górka  Soviet Union over 100 Polish POWs and 300 Polish civilians [41]
Husynne massacre 23 September 1939 Husynne  Soviet Union 25 Polish POWs [41]
Mokrany massacre 28 September 1939 Mokrany  Soviet Union 18 Polish POWs [41]
Luszkówko massacre September 1939–January 1940 Luszkówko  Nazi Germany around 1,000 Poles The victims were mentally ill people from a psychiatric hospital in Świecie.[42]
Szczuczki massacre 1 October 1939 Szczuczki  Nazi Germany 64 Poles including ten boys under the age of 18[33]
Valley of Death (Bydgoszcz) October–November 1939 Bydgoszcz  Nazi Germany 1,200–1,400
Dalki massacre 7 November 1939 Dalki  Nazi Germany 24 Poles including 10 defenders of Kłecko[43]
Ostrów Mazowiecka massacre 11 November 1939 Ostrów Mazowiecka  Nazi Germany up to 600 Jews
Wawer massacre 26–27 December 1939 Wawer  Nazi Germany 107 7 shot but survived
Palmiry massacre December 1939–June 1941 Palmiry  Nazi Germany 1,700 Poles and Jews
Sieklówka massacre December 1939–January 1940 Sieklówka  Nazi Germany 93 Poles [44]
Piotrowice massacre 18 January 1940 Piotrowice  Nazi Germany 39 Poles [45]
Dąbrówka Mała massacre 3–4 April 1940 Dąbrówka Mała  Nazi Germany 40 Poles [45]
Celiny massacre 4 April 1940 Celiny  Nazi Germany 29 Poles [45]
Skłoby massacre 11 April 1940 Skłoby  Nazi Germany 265 Poles including women and children[46]
Katyn massacre April–May 1940 Katyn Forest  Soviet Union 22,000 Polish killed, most of them officers 21,857 confirmed by Soviet documents, about 440 of the prospective victims escaped the shootings. After intense research, today most of the victims are known name by name.
Bloody Wednesday of Olkusz 31 July 1940 Olkusz  Nazi Germany 20 Polish civilians
NKVD prisoner massacres in Poland June–November 1941 Eastern Poland  Soviet Union 20,000–30,000
Nowosiółki massacre 1941 Nowosiółki  Nazi Germany Several hundred The victims were patients of a local psychiatric hospital.[47]
Szczuczyn pogrom 25–28 June 1941 Szczuczyn Polish nationalists 300 Jews Pogrom halted after intervention by German army in favor of the Jews. Additional 100 Jews killed in July by Poles. The Jews were subsequently murdered by the Germans.
1941 Białystok massacres 27 June, 3–4 July, 12–13 July 1941 Białystok  Nazi Germany 6,500–7,000 Jews
Lviv pogroms June–July 1941 Lviv local crowds, Ukrainian nationalists, Germans 6,000 Jews
Ponary massacre July 1941–August 1944 Ponary  Nazi Germany
Ypatingasis būrys 		100,000 Jews, Poles and Russians
Radziłów pogrom 7–9 July 1941 Radziłów Poles 600–2,000 Jews
Jedwabne pogrom 10 July 1941 Jedwabne Poles (German military police was present, but did not intervene) 340–1,600 Jews
Massacre of Lwów professors July 1941 Lviv  Nazi Germany 45 Polish professors
Mass murders in Tykocin August 1941 Tykocin  Nazi Germany some 700 Jews Some 150 Jews managed to escape the massacre, however most were handed over to the Germans.
Czarny Las massacre 14–15 August 1941 Czarny Las near Stanisławów  Nazi Germany 250–300 Poles
Zdzięcioł massacres 30 April and 10 August 1942 Zdzięcioł  Nazi Germany 3,000–5,000 Jews
Święciany massacre 19–20 May 1942 Švenčionys, modern-day Lithuania (then eastern Poland) Lithuanian Security Police 400–1,200 Poles
Rajsk massacre 16 July 1942 Rajsk  Nazi Germany 142 [48]
Nowy Bidaczów massacre 6 October 1942 Nowy Bidaczów  Nazi Germany 22 Poles retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[49]
Stary Ciepielów and Rekówka massacre 6 December 1942 Stary Ciepielów and Rekówka  Nazi Germany 31 Poles (including children) and 2 Jews including women and children; retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust
Świesielice massacre 7–8 December 1942 Świesielice  Nazi Germany 15 Poles
Kitów massacre 11 December 1942 Kitów  Nazi Germany 164+ Poles including women and children
Samoklęski massacre January 1943 Samoklęski  Nazi Germany 27 Jews and one Pole retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[50]
Stary Lubotyń massacre 23 January 1943 Stary Lubotyń  Nazi Germany 8 Poles [51]
Dzierążnia massacre 28–29 January 1943 Dzierążnia  Nazi Germany over 60 Poles
Budy and Huta Dzierążyńska massacre 29 January 1943 Budy Dzierążyńskie and Huta Dzierążyńska  Nazi Germany 50–80 Poles
Sumin massacre 29 January 1943 Sumin  Nazi Germany 50
Róża massacre 2 February 1943 Róża  Nazi Germany dozens
Imbramowice massacre 2 February 1943 Imbramowice  Nazi Germany 50–60 Romanis
Paulinów massacre 24 February 1943 Paulinów  Nazi Germany 11 Poles and 3 Jews retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust
Siedliska massacre 15 March 1943 Siedliska  Nazi Germany 5 Poles and 4 Jews retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust
Różaniec massacre 18 March 1943 Różaniec  Nazi Germany around 70 Poles
Naliboki massacre 8 May 1943 Naliboki, modern-day Belarus (then eastern Poland) Soviet Union Soviet NKVD and Jewish partisans 129 (including one child)
Warsaw Ghetto massacre 19 April–16 May 1943 Warsaw ghetto, Warsaw  Nazi Germany 13,000 Jews 6,000 Jews burnt to death by German forces.
Szarajówka massacre 18 May 1943 Szarajówka  Nazi Germany 58–67 Poles
Kielce cemetery massacre 23 May 1943 Jewish Cemetery, Kielce  Nazi Germany 45 Jewish children
Ispina massacre 2 June 1943 Ispina  Nazi Germany 13 Poles
Strużki massacre 3 June 1943 Strużki  Nazi Germany 74+ Poles
Fidury and Koziki massacre 13 June 1943 Fidury and Koziki  Nazi Germany 21 Poles including children[52]
Posądza massacre 22 June 1943 Posądza  Nazi Germany 7 Poles including three children; retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[53]
Majdan Nowy massacre 24 June 1943 Majdan Nowy  Nazi Germany 28–36 Poles
Cegłów massacre 28 June 1943 Cegłów  Nazi Germany 26 Poles and an unknown number of Jews including women and children; retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[53]
Majdan Stary massacre 3 July 1943 Majdan Stary  Nazi Germany 75 Poles
Liszki massacre 4 July 1943 Liszki  Nazi Germany 30 Poles 27 men and 3 women
Michniów massacre 12–13 July 1943 Michniów  Nazi Germany about 204 Poles including 48 children
Sikory-Tomkowięta massacre 13 July 1943 Sikory-Tomkowięta  Nazi Germany 49 Poles [48]
Łysa Góra massacre 13 July 1943 Łysa Góra near Zawady  Nazi Germany 58 Poles [48]
Krasowo-Częstki massacre 17 July 1943 Krasowo-Częstki  Nazi Germany 257 Poles including 83 children under the age of 17[48]
Wnory-Wandy massacre 21 July 1943 Wnory-Wandy  Nazi Germany 32 Poles [54]
Radwanowice massacre 21 July 1943 Radwanowice  Nazi Germany 30 Poles
Gamratka massacre 27 July 1943 Gamratka  Nazi Germany 3 Jews and 2 Poles retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[55]
Jasionowo massacre 2 August 1943 Jasionowo  Nazi Germany 58 Poles including 19 children[54]
Szczurowa massacre 3 August 1943 Szczurowa  Nazi Germany 93 Romanis
Operation Harvest Festival 3 August 1943 Lublin District  Nazi Germany 43,000 Jews of Majdanek, Poniatowa and Trawniki
Drewnowo-Gołyń massacre 11 September 1943 Drewnowo-Gołyń  Nazi Germany 9 Poles [56]
Tyczyn massacre 15 October 1943 Tyczyn  Nazi Germany 5 Poles including one woman; retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[57]
Kietlin massacre October 1943 Kietlin  Nazi Germany 8 Jews and 3 Poles including women and children; retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust[58]
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
(Volhynian slaughter) 		1943–1944 Volhynia Ukrainian Insurgent Army about 91,000 (±15,000) mostly Polish people by far most of the victimes were Poles, but also Ukrainians and people of ethnic minorities were killed
Koniuchy massacre 29 January 1944 Kaniūkai, modern-day Lithuania (then Eastern Poland) Soviet Union Soviet NKVD and Jewish partisans 30–40 Poles
Zwierzyniec massacre 2 February 1944 Zwierzyniec  Nazi Germany 20 Poles including a 15-year-old boy
Huta Pieniacka massacre 28 February 1944 Huta Pieniacka Ukrainian nationalists 500[59]–1,200[60]
Wanaty massacre 28 February 1944 Wanaty  Nazi Germany 108 Poles including 35 women and 47 children
Jamy massacre 8 March 1944 Jamy  Nazi Germany 152 Poles
Jabłoń-Dobki massacre 8 March 1944 Jabłoń-Dobki  Nazi Germany 91 Poles including 31 women and 31 children[54]
Markowa massacre 24 March 1944 Markowa  Nazi Germany 8 Poles and 8 Jews retribution for rescuing Jews from the Holocaust
Chodaczków Wielki massacre 16 April 1944 Chodaczków Wielki  Nazi Germany 862 Poles including children
Sochy massacre 1 June 1944 Sochy  Nazi Germany 181–200 Polish civilians
Olszanka massacre 5 June 1944 Olszanka  Nazi Germany around 100 including children
Lublin Castle massacre 22 July 1944 Lublin  Nazi Germany over 300 Poles and Jews
Chłaniów and Władysławin massacre 23 July 1944 Chłaniów-Kolonia and Władysławin Ukrainian Legion of Self-Defense 44–45 Poles
Nur massacre 4 August 1944 Nur  Nazi Germany around 120 Poles [61]
Ochota massacre 4–25 August 1944 Ochota, Warsaw  Nazi Germany 10,000 Polish civilians Including gang rape, looting and arson.
Wola massacre 5–12 August 1944 Wola, Warsaw  Nazi Germany 40,000–50,000 Poles about 30,000 killed during the first three days
Małaszek massacre 31 August 1944 Małaszek  Nazi Germany over 30 Poles including women and children[62]
Plewki massacre 31 August 1944 Plewki  Nazi Germany 11 Poles [62]
Lipniak-Majorat massacre 2 September 1944 Lipniak-Majorat  Nazi Germany around 450 Poles including women and children[62][63]
Bloody Christmas Eve in Ochotnica Dolna 23 December 1944 Ochotnica Dolna  Nazi Germany 56 Poles including 19 children and 21 women
Nieławice massacre 31 December 1944–1 January 1945 Nieławice  Nazi Germany 56 Poles including 32 children under the age of 14[64]
Zawady Małe massacre 21–22 January 1945 Zawady Małe  Nazi Germany 110 Poles and 7 Russians
Marchwacz massacre 21–22 January 1945 Marchwacz  Nazi Germany 63 Polish civilians, 12 Soviet POWs [65]
Dąbrówka Nowa Massacre 22 January 1945 Dąbrówka Nowa  Soviet Union over 100 Latvians
Kortowo massacre 22 January 1945 Kortowo  Soviet Union around 600 [66]
Biadki massacre 23 January 1945 Biadki  Soviet Union 18 Hungarian POWs [67]
Łomnica massacre 24 January 1945 Łomnica  Nazi Germany 17 Massacre committed during a death march.[68]
Przyszowice massacre 26–28 January 1945 Przyszowice  Soviet Union 54–69
Kuźnica Żelichowska massacre 28 January 1945 Kuźnica Żelichowska  Nazi Germany 6 Italian POW generals [69]
Podgaje massacre 31 January 1945 Podgaje  Nazi Germany 160–210 Polish POWs
Leśno massacre 9 February 1945 Leśno  Nazi Germany 64 Jewish women [70]
Pawłokoma massacre 3 March 1945 Pawłokoma Poles 150–366 Ukrainians
Wierzchowiny massacre 6 June 1945 Wierzchowiny National Armed Forces 50-196
Augustów roundup 10-25 July 1945 Suwałki and Augustów regions  Soviet Union about 600 anti-communist Out of 2,000 arrested by the Soviet forces, about 600 have disappeared.
Zawadka Morochowska massacres 25 January, 28 March, and 13 April 1946 Zawadka Morochowska Polish People's Army 73 Ukrainians and Lemkos
1946 pacification of villages by PAS NZW February 1946 Bielsk and Hajnówka County Rajs' unit 79 Belarusians
Kielce pogrom 4 July 1946 Kielce Poles 38–42 Jews
Pacification of Wujek 16 December 1981 Wujek Coal Mine ZOMO 9 striking miners

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  39. ^ Monkiewicz, Waldemar; Krętowski, Józef (1986). "Zbrodnie hitlerowskie na ludziach chorych i niepełnosprawnych". Białostocczyzna (in Polish). No. 1. Białystok: Białostockie Towarzystwo Naukowe. p. 25.
  40. ^ Sudoł 2011, p. 82.
  41. ^ a b c Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi" (in Polish). Łódź: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. 2012. p. 21. ISBN 978-83-63695-00-2.
  42. ^ Wardzyńska 2009, p. 167.
  43. ^ Wardzyńska 2009, p. 211.
  44. ^ Wardzyńska 2009, pp. 258–259, 272.
  45. ^ a b c Wardzyńska 2009, p. 142.
  46. ^ Wardzyńska 2009, pp. 254–255.
  47. ^ Robert Fiłończuk. "Pacjentów zwieziono do lasu i tam rozstrzelano. Mord Niemców na pół tysiącu chorych psychicznie". Polska Agencja Prasowa (in Polish). Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  48. ^ a b c d Markiewicz 2003, p. 67.
  49. ^ Datner 1968, p. 89.
  50. ^ Datner 1968, p. 92.
  51. ^ Bartniczak 1974, p. 178.
  52. ^ Bartniczak 1974, p. 182.
  53. ^ a b Datner 1968, p. 99.
  54. ^ a b c Markiewicz 2003, p. 68.
  55. ^ Datner 1968, p. 100.
  56. ^ Bartniczak 1974, p. 187.
  57. ^ Datner 1968, p. 101.
  58. ^ Datner 1968, p. 102.
  59. ^ Ukrainian archives
  60. ^ Pure Soldiers Or Sinister Legion
  61. ^ Bartniczak 1974, p. 205.
  62. ^ a b c Księga pamięci żołnierzy Armii Krajowej Obwodu Ostrów Maz. 1939-1944 (in Polish). Warszawa. 2007. pp. 21–22.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  63. ^ Bartniczak 1974, p. 208.
  64. ^ Monkiewicz 1988, p. 32.
  65. ^ Anna Czuchra (30 January 2016). "71. rocznica mordu na mieszkańcach Marchwacza". Wielkopolski Urząd Wojewódzki w Poznaniu (in Polish). Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  66. ^ "Dzisiaj mija 74. rocznica rzezi w Kortowie. Sowieckie oddziały zamordowały około 600 osób". Radio Olsztyn (in Polish). Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  67. ^ Gałkiewicz, Anna (2001). "Informacja o śledztwach prowadzonych w OKŚZpNP w Łodzi w sprawach o zbrodnie popełnione przez funkcjonariuszy sowieckiego aparatu terroru". Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). No. 7. IPN. p. 20. ISSN 1641-9561.
  68. ^ "75. rocznica likwidacji i ewakuacji więźniów obozu karno-śledczego w Żabikowie". Muzeum Martyrologiczne w Żabikowie (in Polish). 19 January 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  69. ^ Muraca, Ilio (2008). "E quei generali marciavano, marciavano e morivano". Patria Indipendente (in Italian). No. 9. Roma. pp. 21–23. ISSN 0031-3130.
  70. ^ Hamerska, Małgorzata (2012). "Miejsca pamięci narodowej w powiecie chojnickim". Zeszyty Chojnickie (in Polish). No. 27. Chojnice: Chojnickie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk. p. 72.

Bibliography

  • Bartniczak, Mieczysław (1974). "Eksterminacja ludności w powiecie Ostrów Mazowiecka w latach okupacji hitlerowskiej (1939–1944)". Rocznik Mazowiecki (in Polish). No. 5.
  • Datner, Szymon (1968). Las sprawiedliwych (in Polish). Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza.
  • Markiewicz, Marcin (2003). "Represje hitlerowskie wobec wsi białostockiej". Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). No. 12–1 (35–36). IPN. ISSN 1641-9561.
  • Monkiewicz, Waldemar (1988). "Pacyfikacje wsi w regionie białostockim (1939, 1941–1944)". Białostocczyzna (in Polish). No. 1 (9). Białystok: Białostockie Towarzystwo Naukowe. ISSN 0860-4096.
  • Sudoł, Tomasz (2011). "Zbrodnie Wehrmachtu na jeńcach polskich we wrześniu 1939 roku". Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). No. 8-9 (129-130). IPN. ISSN 1641-9561.
  • Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN.
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