Charles M. O'Brien
Charles M. O'Brien | |
|---|---|
_(cropped).jpg) | |
| Member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta | |
| In office March 1909 – March 1913 | |
| Succeeded by | Robert E. Campbell |
| Constituency | Rocky Mountain |
| Personal details | |
| Born | March 2, 1875 Bell Rapids, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | February 23, 1952 (aged 76) Los Angeles County, California |
| Political party | Socialist Party of Alberta, Socialist Party of Canada |
| Occupation | activist, politician, former railway worker, miner, logger |
Charles Macnamara (Charlie) O'Brien (March 2, 1875 – February 23, 1952) was a Canadian socialist activist and politician in Alberta, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1909 to 1913.
Biography[edit]
O'Brien was born at Bell Rapids, near Bangor, Hastings County, Ontario, to John Patrick and Matilda (née Price) O'Brien; his father perished in the sinking of the boat, the Mayflower, on the Madawaska River in 1912.[1] Charles O'Brien worked in the logging and mining industries and in railroad camps.[2] In 1899, he came west to Alberta while working as a laborer on the Crowsnest Pass line of the Canadian Pacific Railway.[3]
A dedicated socialist,[3] he joined the Socialist Party of Canada and became a national organizer for the party, and leader of its Alberta branch.[2][4]
O'Brien was a skilled orator and author,[3] drawing comparisons to prominent activists such as Bill Haywood, Jack London and Eugene V. Debs.[4]
In 1909, O'Brien ran for the Legislative Assembly of Alberta in the new Rocky Mountain constituency. Despite not garnering official union support, he nevertheless attracted wide support among the district's coal-miners. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly as a member of the Socialist Party of Alberta, narrowly defeating Liberal John Angus Macdonald by 32 votes.[3] The first Socialist elected to the legislature, the vote "reflected a growing radicalization" among Alberta coal miners, O'Brien's core constituency.[3]
The local newspaper, Coleman Miner, claimed O'Brien's election was engineered by his supporters through their manipulation of the immigrant vote:[5]
The election just past goes to show just what little interest was taken in the affairs of the province by the thinking people, especially the votes of the Rocky riding. The Socialists deserve great credit for the way every man of them got out and hustled; also the supporters of the Independent who were made up of, principally, the working classes—including Dagos and Slavs who neither read, write, or speak, our language. These people are herded to the polls like so many cattle and voted according to instructions from their leaders who are paid well for the service rendered. The services of these men are always at the disposal of the highest bidder. Surely this is a disgraceful state of affairs, never-the-less true.
— The Coleman Miner, March 26, 1909[5]
During his term in office, he worked to improve the working conditions of miners. In December 1910, he introduced an amendment to the existing Coal Mines Act, proposing many additional safety measures in the industry.[6] O'Brien also initiated a bill permitting the Alberta government to protect an apparent Russian fugitive (charged with murder for assassination of a Russian governor and arson) by refusing to extradite him back to Russia if investigation showed that he faced political persecution back in Russia.[7][8][9] Upon the death of King Edward VII, members of the legislature made speeches of condolence to the royal family. However, O'Brien said, "Why all this empty hypocrisy? The king was a man who worked little and ate well," which prompted the members to pelt him with debris.[10] He also participated in the Alberta and Great Waterways Railway debate and set a provincial legislative record for filibustering with a speech to the house on February 13, 1912, that lasted five hours and fifty minutes; he still had not finished when the session was adjourned late at night.[11]
While in office, he continued to work as a socialist activist. In 1909, he was arrested while giving a speech near a highway in Regina. A crowd of 500 had gathered, which resulted in O'Brien's arrest for obstructing traffic.[12] In 1911, he made a Canada-wide tour to promote socialist ideals.[13]
The Trades and Labour Congress of Canada endorsed O'Brien when he ran for re-election in 1913.
In the 1913 general election, he doubled his vote as compared to 1909, but was nevertheless defeated by Conservative Robert E. Campbell by just over 80 votes.
In 1915, O'Brien moved to Los Angeles, California,[14] where he died in 1952.[15]
Electoral history[edit]
| 1909 Alberta general election results (Rocky Mountain)[16] | Turnout N.A. | |||
| Socialist | Charles M. O'Brien | 555 | 37.83% | |
| Liberal | John Angus Macdonald | 520 | 35.45% | |
| Progressive Conservative | H.E. Lyon | 392 | 26.72% | |
| 1913 Alberta general election results (Rocky Mountain)[17] | Turnout N.A. | |||
| Progressive Conservative | Robert E. Campbell | 1099 | 43.56% | |
| Socialist | Charles M. O'Brien | 1018 | 40.34% | |
| Liberal | William B. Powell | 516 | 20.45% | |
Footnotes[edit]
- ^ "C. M. O'Brien's Father Drowned". Blairmore Enterprise. Blairmore, Alberta. December 4, 1912. p. 4. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ a b Western Press Association (1916), Northern who's who: a biographical dictionary of men and women especially compiled for newspaper and library reference, New York City, Portland, Oregon, retrieved February 18, 2014
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d e Finkel, Alvin (2012), Working People in Alberta: A History, Athabasca, Alberta: Athabasca University Press, p. 54, ISBN 9781926836584
- ^ a b Labour (St. John's) - Google Books. 1985. Retrieved 2014-02-19 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "O'Brien, Socialist, Elected By A Majority of 32". Coleman Miner. March 26, 1909. p. 4. Archived from the original on 2014-02-23. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ "Amendment to Coal Mines Act". Edmonton Bulletin. Edmonton, Alberta. December 7, 1910. p. 9. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ "C. M. O'Brien Secures Assent to Fedorenko Resolution----All Quiet Today". Edmonton Capital. Edmonton, Alberta. November 19, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ "Russian Refugee Committed". Strathmore Standard. Strathmore, Alberta. October 29, 1910. p. 3. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ "Fugitive Will Be Protected". Claresholm Review. Claresholm, Alberta. November 24, 1910. p. 7. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ Dolphin, Frank J. (1987). The Alberta Legislature : a celebration. Plains Pub. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-920985-34-2.
- ^ "C. M. O'Brien Now Has The Record". Edmonton Bulletin. Edmonton, Alberta. February 13, 1912. p. 1. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ "C. M. O'Brien, M.P.P., Arrested". Coleman Miner. Coleman, Alberta. August 20, 1909. p. 1. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ "C. M. O'Brien Is Now In Ottawa". Edmonton Bulletin. Edmonton, Alberta. June 27, 1911. p. 9. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
- ^ Chas M O Brien, "United States Census, 1930", FamilySearch, accessed February 18, 2014.
- ^ Charles Obrien, "California, Death Index, 1940-1997", FamilySearch, accessed February 18, 2014.
- ^ "Election results for Rocky Mountain, 1909". Alberta Online Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
- ^ "Election results for Rocky Mountain, 1913". Alberta Online Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2010-03-24.